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Showing posts from February, 2025

Understanding Causality

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  Copyright: Sanjay Basu Beyond Correlation Imagine you’re a detective trying to solve a mystery, piecing together clues and looking for patterns. You notice an interesting phenomenon: every time it rains, the streets are left glistening and wet. At first glance, it seems obvious to conclude that rain is the cause of these wet streets. Indeed, our everyday experiences lead us to believe that when it rains, the water falls from the sky, and the ground becomes wet as a direct result. However, let’s delve deeper into this idea of causality. Consider another scenario where ice cream sales spike during hot, sunny days, which also happen to coincide with a rise in the number of reported sunburns. On the surface, one might hastily conclude that eating ice cream leads to getting sunburned, as both phenomena appear to occur simultaneously. But logically, we know that indulging in a cold treat on a warm day does not actually cause harmful sun exposure. Instead, both of these events are likel...

Questioning God — The Hidden History of Western Religious Skepticism

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  Copyright: Sanjay Basu While my personal journey through Buddhism, Atheism, and Vedanta might seem uniquely modern, the questioning of divine existence has deep roots in Western thought, even in epochs when such questioning could be mortally dangerous. The pre-modern Western world, often painted as uniformly pious, harbored rich veins of religious skepticism that prefigured many contemporary atheistic arguments. The ancient Greeks provided the first systematic framework for questioning divine existence. While figures like Epicurus didn’t explicitly deny the gods’ existence, his materialistic philosophy suggested a universe that operated without divine intervention. His concept of gods who exist but don’t interfere with human affairs created a philosophical space between outright atheism and conventional religious belief — not unlike how Vedanta creates space between pure materialism and traditional theism. The medieval period, despite its reputation for religious conformity, saw ...